Should You Choose Inland or Outland Sponsorship to Sponsor Your Spouse or Partner?

Sponsoring a spouse or partner for permanent residence (PR) in Canada is an important decision for Canadian citizens and permanent residents. While the process allows you to bring your loved one closer, understanding the sponsorship types—inland sponsorship and outland sponsorship—can help you decide which option suits your situation best.

This guide explains the key differences between inland and outland sponsorship and highlights when each might be the right choice.

What is the Difference Between Inland and Outland Sponsorship?

The terms inland sponsorship and outland sponsorship refer to two different ways of sponsoring a spouse, common-law partner, or conjugal partner for PR in Canada. The choice depends on factors like where you and your partner currently live and your travel needs during the application process.

Here’s how the two options compare:

Inland Sponsorship: What You Need to Know

Inland sponsorship applies if both the sponsor and the sponsored person are already living in Canada. The application is processed within Canada, and the sponsored person may qualify for an Open Work Permit, allowing them to work while waiting for their PR approval.

However, the sponsored person must maintain valid temporary resident status throughout the process, and both individuals must remain in Canada until the application is completed. If the application is refused, there is no option to appeal.

Outland Sponsorship: What You Need to Know

Outland sponsorship is typically used when the sponsored person is living outside Canada. This option is processed through a visa office in the sponsored person’s home country or the nearest office. However, Canadian citizens can also use this option if sponsoring their partner from abroad, provided they show plans to return to Canada once PR is granted.

Outland sponsorship offers more flexibility in terms of travel. The sponsored person can leave and re-enter Canada during the process, and if the application is denied, it can be appealed.

Which Option Should You Choose?

When deciding between inland and outland sponsorship, consider the following:

1. Location of Both Parties: If both you and your partner are in Canada, inland sponsorship might be more convenient. If your partner is abroad, outland sponsorship may be the only option.
2. Travel Needs: If the sponsored person or sponsor needs to travel during the application process, outland sponsorship offers more flexibility.
3. Eligibility for Open Work Permit: Inland sponsorship allows the sponsored person to apply for an Open Work Permit while waiting for PR approval.
4. Appeal Rights: If there’s a chance of refusal, outland sponsorship provides an appeal option, which is not available for inland sponsorship.

Important Considerations for Specific Relationships

• Conjugal Relationships: Only eligible under outland sponsorship (Family Class). The sponsor must prove plans to live in Canada after PR approval.
• Permanent Residents as Sponsors: Must be physically present in Canada during the application process. They cannot sponsor from abroad.

Sponsoring your spouse or partner for PR in Canada is a significant step, and choosing the right sponsorship type can make the process smoother. Be sure to assess your eligibility and consider the factors discussed above before making a decision.